Both the International Arbitration Code and Civil Procedural Code contain default procedural rules. However, the majority of these rules are not mandatory, and the parties are free to determine procedural rules in their arbitration agreement or after the arbitration begins. In practice, the parties often agree to apply institutional arbitration rules with their sets of default procedural rules.

In Turkey, arbitration traditionally evolved as a dispute resolution mechanism, which was used more frequently in large commercial disputes where a foreign party is involved and mostly when a legal counsel is involved in the preparation of the principal contract between the parties. For all other matters, particularly concerning disputes of smaller value, Turkish parties tended to grant jurisdiction to the Turkish courts.

A unification of judgments regarding the matter was crucial as the result also affects whether pro-rated or fixed attorney fees should apply. Before the unification decision, the chambers relying on procedural grounds imposed a fixed attorney fee, whereas the chambers relying on substantial grounds imposed a pro-rated attorney fee, which created an unfair practice.